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Digital
Music/Copyright - 2000
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Digital
Music/Copyright stories for 2001
- NOT
SO FREE: After a year of legal battles, MP3 is back online
with two new levels of service. "For no charge, members
can store up to 25 CDs. That service will be supported by advertising.
For an annual fee of $49.95, members will be able to store up
to 500 CDs and enjoy more features and less advertising."
Orange County Register (AP) 12/06/00
- JUDGMENT
AND A DEAL: "MP3.com announced a distribution agreement
with the Universal Music Group on Tuesday, shortly after a federal
court awarded the world's largest record company $53.4 million
in attorney fees and statutory damages stemming from one of
the Web site's streaming audio services."
Sonicnet 11/15/00
- DAVID
GROWS UP: What has 40 employees and no income, has 13 million
more users than America Online - a 15-year-old internet giant
with a $108 billion market capitalisation - attracts one million
new users a week and its software is on 10 percent of internet-connected
computers in the United States? Napster, of course. Can it survive
its deal with Bertelsman, made last week? The
Age (Melbourne) 11/08/00
- INDUSTRY
ASSOCIATION DEMAND APOLOGY FROM NAPSTER:
"A private e-mail that the head of the Recording Industry
Association of America sent to Napster boss Hank Barry demanding
an apology to the band Metallica has been copied and put on
the Internet. Rosen asked Barry, or his colleague Shawn Fanning,
to make an apology to the heavy-metal band that protested Napster's
alleged encouragement of the abuse of copyright law."
New York Post 11/08/00
- FREE
TO BE ME? Is the free dissemination of music on the Web
ultimately helpful or harmful to the economics of new music?
Four prominent composers - Richard Danielpour, Amy Knoles, Jeff
Harrington, Amy Scurria - and intellectual properties attorney
Mark A. Fischer discuss the future for serious music.
NewMusicBox.com 11/02/00
- NAPSTER
SELLOUT? "The Internet brimmed yesterday with the anguish
of Napster fans, thousands of whom vented about what they consider
an unforgivable sellout. On Tuesday, Napster, the website that
enables its 38 million users to swap songs without charge, announced
that it was abandoning its free-music ethos and will partner
with the music conglomerate Bertelsmann AG. Napster will get
a cash infusion and Bertelsmann will take a financial stake
in the company, once it begins to charge users a monthly subscription
fee." Washington Post 11/02/00
- THE
NEW REALITIES: "Despite
a year of legal action by the major labels, and despite the
revolutionary fervor of some of Napster's users, Napster's success
has more to do with the economics of digital music than with
copyright law, and the BMG deal is merely a recognition of those
economic realities." Feed 11/02/00
- ON
BREAKING RANKS: "The
fact that Bertelsmann, owner of BMG Music (i.e. Dave Matthews,
Christina Aguilera, etc.), would strike a deal with Napster
at the same time the music giant was part of an aggressive industry
lawsuit to shut the music file-swapping company down for copyright
infringement, must have especially stunned and angered some
major label chiefs. Is that any way for a 'cartel' to operate?"
Salon 11/02/00
- FIRST
STEPS TO A NEW STANDARD? "The
new file-trading service that Napster and Bertelsmann are developing
will need digital-rights-management technology and could be
the key to resuscitating the recording industry's initiative.
Napster's yet-to-be-developed service might be just the place
for the largely theoretical Secure Digital Music Initiative
to get its test run." Wired
11/02/00
- DO
THE MATH: "Music, you would think, is manufactured
in the Old Economy, and the distributed free of charge as common
property by the New. Yet in that case, is the New Economy an
economy at all any longer? Who would go on providing music if
buyers want to purchase at one price only, namely that of zero,
getting it for free? The Net's great promise – that every ware
should preferably be shareware – does it not overlook that this
'everything' has to be produced before it can be distributed?"
Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung 11/01/00
- FROM
PLAINTIFF TO PARTNER:
German media giant Bertelsmann, parent company of major music
label BMG, has teamed up with Napster in a surprising alliance
to jointly develop a subscription-based service for music-file
sharing that will still guarantee payments to artists. The proposed
service will give users access to BMG’s complete catalog. In
exchange, Bertelsmann has agreed to drop its portion of the
ongoing industry copyright-violations lawsuit against Napster
once the system is up and running. Variety
10/31/00
- DISTURBING
DEVELOPMENT?
Napster’s founding ethos was based on freeing music from
its traditional sources of distribution, so why is the company
now cozying up to a major label? "Many in the industry
claim that the five major labels have used lobbying, lawsuits
and intimidation to put a stranglehold on the growth of
digital music so that the struggling distributors have no
choice but to partner with the labels." Wired
10/31/00
- THE
NET'S KILLER-APP: Just how popular has the music-sharing
company become? "At peak times, Napster CEO Hank Barry
says, the company has 'about a million' simultaneous users -
a staggering number. America Online, by comparison, has about
1.6 million users at peak hour, according to SEC documents filed
last month. In other words, during peak hours, a startup with
a few dozen employees, beta software and no income stream accounts
for two-thirds as many Internet connections as a 15-year-old
Net behemoth with 15,000 employees and a pre-merger market capitalization
of $108.5 billion." Inside.com
10/31/00
- WRITERS
- WHO OWNS YOUR WORK? "The press would have you believe
that the worst copyright infringement occurring on the Internet
is by lone hackers sitting at their computers. However, corporate
owned and controlled newspapers and television news organizations
are hardly disinterested parties in this story. It may turn
out that individual writers (which, potentially, could be anybody)
have more to fear from people in suits trailing phalanxes of
lawyers." *spark-online
10/00
- ONLINE
MUSIC BIZ SLOW: Sales of digital music are r-e-a-l-l-y s-l-o-w,
forcing layoffs at several music sites. But digi-music companies
hold on, hoping for investor patience.
Wired 10/12/00
- DIGITAL
MUSIC COPYING HERE TO STAY: In September, 1.4 billion songs
were downloaded on the internet using Napster. Yet the recording
companies still haven't figured out that the genie is out of
the bottle for good. To try to cut down advance downloads, some
of the major labels have been restricting music critics' access
to advance copies (but the music slips ouit anyway).
The Globe and Mail (Toronto) 10/11/00
- NAPSTER
IN COURT: Napster lawyers argue an appeal in US court trying
to "copy the defense strategy successfully used by Sony
that showed its Betamax VCR was primarily used for legitimate
purposes. 'The Supreme Court said in the Sony case that as long
as there is a substantial, non-infringing use for the technology,
that technology is protected.' The judge didn't buy it.
Wired 10/03/00
- DAY
IN COURT: Surprisingly, the judges,
who were picked at random, seemed to be more open to a pro-Napster
decision than many had expected. Salon
10/02/00
- SORTING
OUT THE LAWSUITS: There is a score of current lawsuits around
issues of copyright and digital copying. "The rules of
intellectual property are being redefined for the digital age
- and much is at stake for publishers. Which cases should you
pay closest attention to?" Here's a handy rundown.
Publishers Weekly 10/02/00
- WE
NEED RULES FOR DIGITAL COPYING: Photocopiers and VCRs were
once seen as a threat to books and video. Now digital copying
of music has to be worked out. Says Napster's CEO: "We
need to not panic and look at the principles that got us here
and look at the balance between the interests of the artists
and the people who make copyrightable works versus the interest
of the public having access to those works and do a new formulation
that applies to this area." Wired
10/02/00
- VIRTUAL
DEMONSTRATION:
The digital music company MP3.com launched its "million
e-mail march" Thursday - a lobbying effort to get online-music
users to support a recently introduced House bill that proposes
changing copyright law to allow CD buyers to store their music
(for personal use) on the internet. Inside.com
09/28/00
- THE
BETTER MOUSETRAP: Shawn Fanning is the very model of the
at-home innovator. "Fanning figured out that if he combined
a music-search function with a file-sharing system and, to facilitate
communication, instant messaging, he could bypass the rats'
nest of legal and technical problems that kept great music from
busting out all over the World Wide Web." Time
Magazine 09/25/00
- MAJOR
PARALYSIS: The major music labels are so busy suing the
Napsters of the world they've forgotten to get in the business
themselves. The musicians are ready, the public is ready, but
fear is paralyzing what ought to be a great business.
Wired 09/25/00
- HARD
PAYS FOR SOFT: The German government proposes to initiate
a fee on computer hardware makers that would be used to pay
those whose intellectual property is distributed digitally.
IDG.net 09/24/00
- TAKING
CONTROL: New
report says that music and book publishers could lose billions
of dollars over the next few years because of the internet and
digital copying. On the other hand, "it predicted that
musicians will gain $1 billion, authors $1.3 billion, and third
party service companies $2.8 billion by 2005 in 'a historic
transfer of revenues'," due to artists choosing to distribute
their own work. The
Age (Melbourne) 09/21/00
- NON-INTERNET
PIRACY BOOMING TOO: The recording industry say that "the
number of counterfeit, pirated and bootlegged CDs seized in
the first part of this year rose by 350 per cent over figures
from this time last year. In all, more than 539,000 CDs were
confiscated."
CBC 09/20/00
- A
PARADIGM SHIFT YOU CAN DANCE TO: Now that digital downloadable
options like Napster have transformed the ways we can acquire
and listen to new music, will consumers ever be content again
with the old recording industry model of expensive, pre-packaged
albums? “Never again will we think of music, or eventually any
cultural creation, as produced by a label, network or imprint,
packaged, purchased and sitting on a shelf in our homes.”
Inside.com
09/19/00
- KEEPING
BOOTLEGGERS AT BAY: To combat piracy and the possibility
of their songs being downloaded on Napster, music labels and
recording artists are experimenting with adding grating noises,
lapses in volume, and spoken-word interruptions to their pre-release
CDs.
New
York Magazine 09/25/00
- DIGITAL
VIDEO WATERMARKS: The entertainment industry wins FCC permission
for a "new device to be implanted in all digital television
equipment that works like a digital watermark. That imprint
could allow broadcasters to control whether a given TV show
or movie can be copied or to place limits on the number of copies
that a viewer can make." Some free-speech advocates protest.
Inside.com 09/15/00
- IF
ONLY IF IT WEREN'T ILLEGAL... A judge
may have thrown Napster out of the game, but the site's traffic
has quadrupled in the past six months. "The shocking translation:
the freeware created by Shawn Fanning while he was a college
freshman in January 1999 is now being used by more than 6 percent
of the approximately 80 million at-home PC users with online
access in the U.S." Inside.com
09/11/00
- THE
GANG'S ALL HERE: The US government has weighed in on issues
Napster in a brief to the federal court, joining a gang of others
lining up against the digital music-trading software company:
"It's illegal."
The Age (AFP) 09/11/00
- WHEN
EVERYBODY HATES YOU: "Twenty 'friend-of-the-court'
briefs accompanied the one filed by the United States Copyright
Office. The Recording Industry Association of America, which
is suing Napster, also was expected to file briefs by midnight
Friday with the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals backing the
government's position." Wired
09/09/00
- LOSING
THE WAR: It seems like recording companies and the entertainment
industry are winning their battles with the new digital cowboys.
But it's not so: "What's happening to the entertainment
industry is the same thing that happened to the brokerage business
when on-line stock trading appeared: An industry built on one
business model feels fear when something new appears that threatens
that way of doing business. The New Economy word for this kind
of thing is 'disintermediation', and it's breaking out all over
thanks to the Internet."
The Globe and Mail (Toronto) 09/10/00
- FUTURE
RULES: Recording companies might have won a few battles
in the digital music downloading wars. But make no mistake -
music-file sharing isn't going to go away. "The point
is that, whatever their legal muscle, Universal and its competitors
will at some point have to realize that swapping digital music
and other content is already here - they can either find a way
of catching a ride on that wave and making it part of their
business model, perhaps in concert with someone like MP3.com
or Napster, or they can watch it gradually eat away at their
business until there is nothing left." The
Globe and Mail (Toronto) 09/08/00
- MP3.COM
GUILTY: Saying it was necessary to send a strong deterrent
to the Internet community, a federal judge found MP3.com guilty
Wednesday of “willfully violating” the copyrights of Universal
Music Group, whose CDs it offered in its online catalog. The
court ordered MP3.com to pay Universal $25,000 in damages per
CD (which could amount to between $118 and $250 million). ABC
News 09/06/00
- ABOUT
WHO'S GOT THE MONEY: $118 million for Universal but
nothing for the artists. Wired
09/07/00
- AND
READY TO APPEAL: “MP3.com plans to challenge the copyright
validity of every single Universal CD with a variety of
legal gambits. But it's not only Universal's forthcoming
jackpot that concerns the digital music company: Rakoff's
verdict opens the floodgates for smaller music labels and
publishers to file their own suits.” Inside.com
09/06/00
- RECORD
RIGHTS: A New York Judge rules today on Universal's lawsuit
against MP3.com. "Universal is asking the court to award
as much as $450 million US in damages. MP3.com says that would
put the company out of business."
CBC 09/06/00
- FIGURING
THE DIGITAL EDGE: Does music downloading hurt or help sales
of recordings? "A study of college students by Greenfield
Online and YouthStream Media Networks found that two-thirds
of the people who admitted to downloading songs said they did
it to preview music before purchasing it. Nearly 80 percent
of the people who use Napster said they still plan to buy CDs.
Music sales in general are up this year: 355 million albums
sold in the first six months of 2000, vs. 332 million in the
same period last year. Orange
County Register 09/03/00
- DOWNLOAD
BLOCK: College students are the biggest downloaders of music
over the internet, and college campuses, with their high-bandwidth
connections, are where most of the downloads happen. But this
fall some students are finding their access to sites such as
Napster blocked by the universities.
Wired
08/31/00
- EVERYTHING
IS CHANGE: "History thus suggests that online file-trading
won’t kill the music industry. But it does have the potential
to alter it radically, redistributing power to listeners and,
perhaps, to artists. When the smoke clears, the music business
will be stronger, in the sense that there will be more people
making music, and making money from music, than ever before.
The hierarchies that now dominate that business, however, will
be shaken, flattened, chopped, and stewed."
Reason 08/28/00
- HOW
WE GET MUSIC: "Whatever happens to Napster and other
free sites, there's no question that the Internet will continue
to revolutionize the ways we obtain and listen to music. Among
other things, this could mean far greater input from fans into
what they want to hear, new payment systems for musicians, a
vast new array of portable music devices from cell phones to
wrist-watches, and the end of the long-playing album's nearly
four-decade reign as the dominant music form."
Newsday 08/28/00
- A
NAIL IN THE COFFIN? In a brutal 45-page opinion, the judge
who ruled against Napster in court last month wholly dismissed
the site’s claim that file-sharing should be legal. She “dispensed
with the centerpiece of Napster’s argument with a footnote,
the judicial equivalent of scraping something off your shoe.”
Inside.com
08/14/00
- CONSOLIDATION
FALLOUT? AOL removed the search engine from its site on
Thursday that has allowed users to locate MP3 music files on
the Internet. “We're taking it down because we don't have an
efficient process in distinguishing between legal and illegal
MP3s." CNET
08/10/00
- ANOTHER
REASON THEY COST TOO MUCH: Twenty-eight US states have filed
a price-fixing suit against five big manufacturers of compact
disks. The suit contends that because of the manufacturers
collusion, consumers have paid $480 million more than they should
have for recordings over the past five years." Variety
08/08/00
- CONSUMERS
WEB: "But a general malaise appears to have gripped
consumers; in part due to what many consider unfairly priced
CDs. Consumers have flocked to file trading networks such as
Napster, Scour, and the nearly 100 other applications that allow
users to trade and sample music for free. Even as a federal
court prepared to shut down Napster for violating copyrights,
3 percent of the entire Internet home population logged on to
the application in search of free music." Wired
08/09/00
- ANY
PUBLICITY IS GOOD PUBLICITY: The publicity buzzing around
Napster's legal debacles has sent hundreds of thousands of netizens
to the site. Last week, more people went to the Napster download
site than visited e-tail giant Amazon. The site ranked as one
of the most-visited spots on the web.
Inside.com 08/06/00
- BUT
I WANT TO PAY: A reporter decides to go legal and try to
purchase downloadable music through the internet. "Even
if Napster and Scour were shut down tomorrow, nobody in their
right mind would spend this much time and frustration trying
to buy digital music online. Lawsuits and copyright issues aside,
the music industry isn't anywhere near creating a system that
customers will embrace; heck, it's hard enough trying to get
them to take your money."
Boston
Globe 08/06/00
- ONE
KILLER APP AFTER ANOTHER: Amid the current copyright controversy
surrounding Napster and the future of downloadable music, it’s
easy to forget that copyright laws have been struggling to keep
up with each new advance in recording technology for the last
100 years - from player-piano rolls to tape recordings, albums,
VCRs, CDs, and now computers. Times
of India (AP) 08/02/00
- WHAT’S
THE REAL STORY? While the Napster
controversy has enjoyed an avalanche of media attention, how
much of it can be considered “good journalism”? “Too often the
complicated dispute between the online start-up and the music
industry has been painted in the most simplistic terms - a reductive
tale of forward-thinking entrepreneurs outsmarting head-in-the-sand
label executives. From the get-go, disturbing signs suggested
the press was more interested in advancing Napster's story as
a David-vs.-Goliath tale than in seriously addressing the intricate
issues at hand.” Salon
08/01/00
- YOU
ALWAYS WANT WHAT THEY SAY YOU CAN'T HAVE: Suing Napster
could backfire on the recording industry. "A failure to
negotiate with Napster may come back to haunt the industry because
working with the Silicon Valley firm may be the best way to
grab a piece of the online music pie, analysts add." Times
of India (Reuters) 07/31/00
- MAYBE
WATERMARKS? Maybe "people are copying music because
they feel somewhat disenfranchised with the options they have
at their disposal in the digital space. It's up to the content
industry to create value in the digital arena and they've made
phenomenal steps in that direction."
Salon 07/31/00
- GET
THAT MOJO WORKING: MojoNation software - it's said to be
a cross between Napster and eBay to trade music files over the
internet.It plans to beat Gnutella and Napster by creating "the
first file-sharing economy of agents, servers, and search engines
in which senders and receivers can agree on prices for each
transaction and use micropayments to get paid."
Wired 07/31/00
- NAPSTER
STAYS: The music-sharing site was granted a reprieve at
the last minute as a US judge stays the order to shut down.
Toronto
Globe and Mail 07/29/00
- DING
DONG THE WITCH IS DEAD (depending on your perspective): Australia's
music recording industry is rejoicing over a US judge's ruling
shutting down the Napster website. "All this does is confirm
the bleeding obvious, whether you do it offline or online, if
you do a wrong you will be recognised by the court." The
Age (Melbourne) 07/28/00
- NAPSTER
SEEKS STAY: Company contends that the judge "overstepped
her authority by seeking to extend copyright law to a new
technology. The brief also argued that Judge Patel, in the
90-minute hearing, did not consider all of the evidence,
including studies that contend that Napster helps, rather
than hinders, record sales." New
York Times 07/28/00
(one-time
registration required for entry)
- CAN'T
STOP THE MUSIC: Okay, so Napster's down for the count.
But that's not going to stop music fans from downloading.
"Shutting Napster down won't stop file exchanges. But
what it may do is drive people to the many open-source alternatives
that are out there. Wired 07/27/00
- NOT
NO HOW: "The cultural phenomenon of widespread
copying of music shows no signs of abating, as Internet
users swarmed to other services that are not designed to
make money. And since many of the alternatives are decentralized
and noncommercial, they are likely to be much harder for
the recording industry to attack." New
York Times 07/28/00
(one-time
registration required for entry)
- THE
DEFINITION OF FREE: It all comes down to a simple verb.
Napster defenders insist that music needs to be free, while
record-label execs contend that music just needs to feel
free. And therein lies the crux of the debate. Boston
Globe 07/28/00
- ANOTHER
WAY: MP3. COM, in its own legal hot water, has been
settling with recording companies, agreeing to make payments
for downloaded tunes. Maybe this is the way of the digital
future.
Variety 07/28/00
- MAYBE
MOOT ANYWAY: "But there's another side fighting
in this online arms race. Companies all over the Internet
are working on systems designed to thwart rampant piracy.
Using the same kinds of high-tech codes that protect your
credit-card numbers from prying eyes on the Net, these companies
are developing ways to lock up digital content so that only
paying customers have the key to open a movie or song file."
Minneapolis
Star-Tribune (Wall Street Journal 07/28/00
- LAST
MINUTE DOWNLOADING: Traffic on Napster was noticeably
heavy yesterday as users tried to grab as many music files
as possible before a U.S. judge's injunction shuts Napster
down tonight. Toronto
Globe and Mail 07/28/00
- NAPSTER
ORDERED PUT TO SLEEP: "In a scathing decision Wednesday
afternoon, U.S. District Court Judge Marilyn Patel granted the
recording industry a temporary injunction to pull the service,
effective Friday at 12 a.m. PDT." Wired
07/26/00
- NEXT
VICTIM: "On Friday, Robertson and MP3.com will
go back to court to face their own legal fight with Sony
Music and the Universal Music Group. The hearing will determine
the amount of damages that MP3.com will have to pay because
its my.mp3.com streaming service was found to have infringed
on the labels' copyrights." Wired 07/26/00
- BACKLASH?
Napster CEO suggests there could be one: ""I can
imagine there being some boycotts. Because I think a lot
of people are outraged at Metallica for being so petty about
this. Their sales have gone down, they've angered a lot
of people. So I imagine that could happen with other record
companies and other artists." CBC
07/27/00
- NAPSTER
TO TAKE A NAP? A judge today will hear arguments about whether
the popular digital music sharing program company should be
shut down immediately Most observers expect the company to lose.
Boston Globe 07/26/00
- GOING
LEGIT? One
day before Napster heads back to court in San Francisco for
the next round of its legal battle against the record labels,
its CEO announced that the company is trying to move toward
a business model that respects intellectual property. “The key
thing is we want to make sure that the artists get compensated,”
he said to an audience at an online-music conference in New
York. Billboard
07/25/00
- WORLD
WIDE WAIT: A reporter tries out EMI’s new download scheme
(the record company began selling its music over the internet
Tuesday) and comes away wringing his hands. “The results of
this sampling of the new, legitimate download frontier aren't
really surprising. Although EMI took steps to work out the kinks
ahead of time, it's clear that the kinks, especially on the
backend, are substantial.”
Inside.com
07/19/00
- WILL
OF THE PEOPLE?
Just days after Senate Judiciary Committee hearings on digital
music piracy, download providers Napster and MP3.com urged their
users to show their support - and they did just that, flooding
two senators with 70,000 e-mails urging tolerance. Billboard
07/19/00
- NAH-UH
- THAT'D NEVER HAPPEN: Lawyers for eight movie companies
tell US federal judge the movie industry never would have begun
issuing movies on DVD if they had known they could be copied
on computers.
The Age (AP) 07/19/00
- A
TAX FOR ART: The Canadian Copyright Board has proposed leyying
a 50-cent tax on blank recordable CDs. The money would be distributed
to Canadian authors, performers and recording companies, to
help compensate them for unauthorized recording of their music.
The software industry is fuming over the plan.
Toronto
Globe and Mail 07/18/00
- THE
MAN WITH FREE MOVIES ON THE WEB: "Ed Corley, who now
goes by the name Emmanuel Goldstein, after the hero of the George
Orwell novel 1984, has been targeted by the movie industry for
publicizing the existence of a software utility known as Decode
Content Scrambling System (DeCSS)." The software decodes
DVD disks and allows them to be copied on the web. His trial
opens in New York.
The Times of India 07/18/00
- HOW
MUCH OF A THREAT? It turns out that copying and trading
dvd's over the web is a much more arduous and cumbersome
process than the movie companies portray. Rather than show
how easy it is, a test conducted by the industry proves
the current impracticality of doing it.
Wired 07/18/00
- IMPENDING
DOOM FOR NAPSTER? "For those who have read the reply
brief filed by the Recording Industry Association of America
on Thursday, in which the association renews its demand for
a court order shutting down the bulk of Napster's business,
there can only be an eerie sense of impending doom. The RIAA
brief reads less like an advocate's debate with a worthy adversary
than a professor's terse, dismissive comments in a failing student's
bluebook." Inside.com
07/16/00
- MEET
VORBIS: "Vorbis is going to continue what MP3 was all
about, which is opening things up for everybody. Getting your
music out in the world now is going to be absolutely free. It
has to be open from both sides, it can't just be the free distribution,
the technology itself has to be free or it will never realize
what the whole MP3 movement is about."
Wired 07/17/00
- PAY-PER
LISTEN: This week EMI begins selling music over the internet.
As battles over copyright rage, the giant recording company
decides to try offering its recordings in downloadable format.
BBC 07/16/00
- DON'T
CRY FOR THE RECORD COMPANIES: Roger McGuinn has made 25
recordings in his career as a musician. But aside from modest
advances, he told a US Senate committee holding hearings on
the digital recording business, he's never made money off his
albums. ''They [the recording companies] are not the poor victim
in all this; they've made a killing. For years, the labels had
all the power, and the artists were pawns. The artists were
cattle."
Boston Globe 07/14/00
- MY
BROTHER THE PIRATE: "We were both heavy users of cassettes,
the Napster of their day, and it turned us, not into habitual
music thieves, but into devoted collectors of hundreds of LPs
and then CDs. He [my brother] would have gladly paid a reasonable
fee - $1, say - to download a song like 'Summer Breeze,' but
he would never spend $15 on a full Seals & Crofts CD. And
having Napster would not stop him from buying a CD by an artist
he was more passionate about." Chicago
Tribune 07/14/00
- THE
"FUTURE OF DIGITAL MUSIC" HEARING: The debate
over downloadable music moved to the US Senate for a contentious
round of testimony from recording company execs, Napster CEO
Hank Barry, and Metallica's Lars Ulrich before the Judiciary
Committee. "The Senators were more interested in learning
how music and technology can peacefully converge than in allowing
the combative and often litigious companies to escalate and
air their grievances." Wired
07/11/00
- AND
IN THIS CORNER...: Napster and Metallica went head to
head. Napster - which has attracted 20 million users - says
it is helping, not hurting, the recording industry by promoting
more listening and thus more music buying. But Metallica
accuses Napster of "hijacking" Metallica's music.
"Like a carpenter who crafts a table gets to decide
whether to keep it, sell it or give away, shouldn't we have
the same options?" New
York Times 07/11/00
(one-time
registration required for entry)
- "Both
controversial and courageous, Metallica's stance has
attracted wide ridicule. The online index Yahoo even added
a subcategory: Rock and Pop > Metal > Anti-Metallica."
Orange County Register 07/12/00
- GOING
PUBLIC: The musicians' coalition Artists Against Piracy
kicked off its national campaign against copyright infringement
with full-page ads in five major U.S. newspapers. "If A
Song Means A Lot To You, Imagine What It Means To Us" read
the headline, above a list of 68 musicians in favor of protecting
their music through stricter copyright-law enforcement. Billboard
07/11/00
- SCREW
YOU: That pretty much sums up Napster's legal response to
the recording industry companies trying to sue the software
company out of existence. Nothing sinister about Napster - "The
use of the Napster service to sample a song is analogous to
visiting a listening station or borrowing a CD from a friend,
in order to decide whether to make a purchase," the company
claims.
Wired
07/07/00
- BIG-TIME
RESPONSE: Napster, which was rebutting a RIAA request
that the music-swapping company be shut down for rampant
copyright infringements, has proved, among other things,
that the once-tiny concern has become Big Business."
Salon
07/07/00
- COMPETING
RIGHTS: The hottest issue in the music business right now
is how to protect recordings from being pirated. Music rights
organization BMI announces a new international pact to track
royalties, but ASCAP has its own international deal. Why don't
they work together? Wired
07/06/00
- NAPSTER
COMES OUT SWINGING: The music sharing company says that
"the Recording Industry Association of America sees Napster
as a threat, not because it is going to reduce record sales
or music sales but because it is going to reduce the RIAA's
control over music sales." The company says sales of recorded
music are up because of the internet, not down.
Boston Globe 07/04/00
- PROFIT
MOTIVE: Since the internet is rapidly transforming the music
industry, and some estimates have us downloading our music rather
than buying CDs by the year 2010, how will musicians continue
to get paid for their songs? “Currently, there are four different
ways: when listeners pay to download songs; subscription-only
sites; advertising revenue from running banner ads; and cashing
in on the musician's identity by selling tee-shirts or fan club
memberships. The most important thing artists can do is remind
their listeners that music is worth paying for.”
NPR
06/28/00 [Real
Audio file] (Part 1 of a series)
- NATIONAL
MUSIC PUBLISHERS ASSOCIATION sues Napster over piracy issues.
Inside.com 06/28/00
- DIGITAL
REALITIES: "For all the record companies’ bleating
about lost sales, nobody is about to starve. But in highlighting
how hard it is to control digital content once it is let loose
on the Internet, Napster and its sort are merely the tip of
a far bigger iceberg. As books, videos and other digitisable
works go online, the same problems over copying and distribution
are likely to arise. And the biggest difficulty is that, even
if Napster, say, were shut down by the courts, many other, more
powerful, systems are waiting to take its place that have been
designed to be still harder to control." The
Economist 06/22/00
- DOESN'T
WORK IF EVERYONE GETS IT FREE: Musicians debate the future
of their business in a Napster-driven universe. Most conclude
it isn't pretty. "If it comes to its full conclusion, it'll
turn the music industry into a place where musicians can no
longer actually earn a living."
Dallas
Morning News 06/22/00
- WEB
OF OPPORTUNITY: Despite the current music industry panic
over online piracy, the Web is starting to look to some in the
business like a multibillion-dollar opportunity cleverly disguised
as a mortal threat. Washington
Post 06/22/00
- CARROT
BEATS STICK: The recording industry isn't going to win the
digital music wars by suing everyone in sight. The companies
need to figure out how to entice consumers. "Music as a
service holds an incredible opportunity for the recording industry,
but the industry isn't going to grow by selling CDs, it will
grow when the labels begin to think about this business as a
service." Wired
06/21/00
- NAPSTER
DEFENDERS AND THEIR STUDY: A new study of 16,000 Americans
between the ages of 13 and 39 who say they listen to more than
10 hours of music a week and have spent at least $25 on music
in the past six months says that 59 percent of those who said
they heard a certain piece of music for the first time while
online ended up purchasing that music as a CD.
Wired 06/16/00
- HELP
OR HURT?
Critics
charge that Napster is killing the recorded music business.
But the company says it actually promotes sales of recorded
music. So who's right? Wired
06/14/00
- BUSTED:
Recording industry has filed briefs in court to shut down Napster.
The industry will use internal Napster e-mail and memos "in
which Napster executives, primarily co-principals Shawn Fanning,
19, and Sean Parker, 20, openly discuss the use of their service
as a tool facilitating the exchange of copyrighted material
by established recording artists, statements the RIAA says are
proof that the service represents a haven for music piracy and
should be closed immediately." Inside.com
06/14/00
- TRUCE?
Napster CEO wants to negotiate. "We are all trying to find
ways to work with all of the constituencies that are part of
the Napster community, including the major record companies."
Variety
06/14/00
- MORE
DOWNLOAD SUITS:
Recording execs file suit against
Napster.com, citing research that shows that college students
using Napster decrease the number of CD's they buy.
Wired 06/14/00
- DOWNLOADING
DETENTE: Two of the five recording companies suing MP3.com
for copyright violation of music downloaded over the internet
have settled with the company. The labels will license their
music to the site.
Variety
06/12/00
- SETTLEMENT
NEAR IN MP3.COM SUIT: "The proposed settlement calls
for San Diego-based MP3.com to pay $75 million to $100 million
to the Recording Industry Association of America, the trade
group representing the labels, in exchange for the right to
use the labels' songs as part of the My.MP3.com service."
Boston
Globe 06/08/00
- MONEY
FOR THEIR MUSIC:
Free downloads of indie band music
has been one of the marks of the internet digital download music
revolution. But now many of the indies want to get paid for
their work, and there are (predictably) some websites to help
them. Wired
06/07/00
- PINING
FOR VINYL?: Despite doomsayers who claim programs like Napster
and the rise of teen pop bands spell looming losses for the
recording industry, the past few months have been the most successful
the music business has seen, with three albums selling more
than $1.3 million in their first week. So why aren’t the execs
overjoyed? “Imagine if this summer three Hollywood movies shattered
the opening week box-office record, boom, boom, boom, one after
the other. The town's top executives would be bruised from so
much backslapping. The music industry, though, gnashes its teeth
and pines for simpler times.” Inside.com
06/05/00
- LINKIN’
LOGS: The latest development in the digital music wars:
MP3Board.com (an online music-search site) has filed a lawsuit
against the Recording Industry Association of America (which
has been trying to shut the web site down) on the grounds that
providing hyperlinks does not constitute copyright infringement.
Wired
06/05/00
- RECORD
SALES IN THE LAND OF THE FREE:
With
all the complaining and suing going on about who controls music
on the internet, you might think that sales of recordings would
have dried up. Surprise - despite the wide availability of free
music on the internet, sales of recorded music have smashed
records in recent months. And the internet is getting the credit.
Wired
06/02/00
- PLANS
TO WRECK THE MUSIC INDUSTRY AS WE KNOW IT:
Some
computer programmers in the UK plan an all-out assault on the
music industry, trying to build on the success of Napster only
making music recording exchanges untraceable.
The
Independent 06/02/00
- THE
WRATH OF SEAGRAM:
Seagram's
CEO vows a holy war on copiers of music over the internet, invoking
"God, the cold war, and the deadly hantavirus in a lengthy
warning to would-be copiers that he would be coming after them.
'Technology exists that can trace every Internet download and
tag every file.' " Inside.com
05/28/00
- WHAT
PRICE SUCCESS? Under legal pressure from almost everyone,
Napster.com's web traffic doubles.
Inside.com 05/28/00
- MORE
LAWSUITS over copyright issues on the way for MP3.com. Wired
05/26/00
- THE
NUMBERS ARE IN: College students are downloading music from
the internet rather than buying it. A new study shows
that "sales of recorded music near college campuses declined
by 4 percent between the first three months of 1998 and the
same period this year. Sales at all stores went up 12 percent
during the same time. "This demonstrates the importance
of protecting artists' rights on the Internet." Washington
Post (AP) 05/25/00
- THE
DEBATE RAGES ON: A four-line amendment to the copyright
law inserted into a Congressional bill last year has incited
a passionate debate between musicians and recording companies
over ownership of recordings. The amendment added sound recordings
as a category of copyrighted materials that can be considered
"work made for hire," a term usually reserved for
collective works, like movies, that are commissioned by studios.
"U.S. recording artists are the most unprotected segment
of the entire world of copyright." New
York Times 05/25/00 (one-time
registration required for entry)
- AND
FAIRNESS FOR ALL:
One of the big promises of the internet
is that it will allow fairer better deals for recording artists.
Says a record exec: "Cathartic as it is to vent at record
companies and carry the banner for artist empowerment, it seems
to me that many of the attacks on the inequitable sharing of
the pie have been overstated. The problems most artists have
with record companies (and there are many legitimate problems,
don't get me wrong) have nothing to do with how the money is
divided up, so long as we are talking about acts that actually
sell enough records."
Inside.com 05/24/00
- BIG
MONEY SUPPORT:
Embattled
Napster.com reinvents, raising $15 million in venture capital
and getting a new CEO.
Wired 05/23/00
- SHAWN
FANNING: Never heard of him? Six months ago the 19-year-old
invented Napster, the digital music download software that has
turned the music recording world upside down. Now he finds himself
at the middle of the music upheaval and he's being sued by his
favorite band.
The
Observer 05/21/00
- THE
GREAT BRAIN
ROBBERY: A wave of new file-swapping technologies (Napster
is just one of 15 released in the last several months) are striking
fear into the hearts of copyright holders worldwide. As consumers
get accustomed to getting things for free over the internet,
what’s to become of intellectual property? “There is certainly
a body of opinion among some Internet users that all info should
be free.” Sydney
Morning Herald 05/19/00
- NO
DIGGITY, NO DOUBT: Following in Metallica’s well-publicized
footsteps, rapper Dr. Dre has delivered to Napster a list of
more than 200,000 users he says illegally downloaded his music
using Napster’s software. “Dr. Dre said he informed Napster
he would prefer the company just delete his songs from its service,
in which case no user need be denied access to Napster.” But
Napster has said it will look into the cases and delete users,
not artists. Wired
05/17/00
- NAPSTER
KILLS THE RADIO STAR: Mega music star Kid Rock recently
starved to death after Napster's MP3-sharing software caused
him to go bankrupt.
“According
to post-autopsy analysis of Kid Rock's stomach contents by the
L.A. County coroner's office, his last meal consisted of newspapers,
cigar butts, and old CD liner notes." The
Onion 05/17/00
- LICENSE
TO PLAY:
The recording rights organization
BMI announces a plan to license internet companies to be able
to play music over the net. "The licenses give Internet
companies the right to perform publicly all of BMI's 4.5 million
copyrighted works from its 250,000 songwriters, composers, and
music publishers." Wired
05/17/00
- THE
ACCUSED STRIKE BACK: A quick recap: Metallica
presents Napster with a list of 300,000 users who were pirating
their music off the internet; Napster blocks all the accused
users from accessing their service; now 30,000 of the
condemned have slapped a counter-accusation on Metallica, claiming
they were falsely accused and misidentified. But the Metallica
gang is sticking to their guns. "[The Napster users] are
perjuring themselves. They're not misidentified. We did a survey
and we have proof that at such-and-such a date, they were offering
Metallica songs. Could there be 10 mistakes? Sure. 15? Maybe.
But there are not 17,000 mistakes. There's no way." Salon
05/16/00
- THE
REAL MUSIC VILLAINS: The FTC estimates consumers may have
paid as much as $480 million more than they should have for
CDs the last three years because of what is known as the Minimum
Advertised Price program. Last fall, compact disc prices hit
an all-time high of $18.98. Yet artists usually make less than
$2 for every CD sold, once they've repaid the record label for
recording and promotional expenses. That's why Metallica's decision
to go after their own fans for downloading Metallica music off
the Internet is so absurd. Musicians moan about fans ripping
them off via the Internet, but the true villains are the record
companies who shortchange artists and overcharge record buyers.
Chicago
Tribune 05/17/00
- RIGHT
OF COPY:
Copyright
laws have been out of date for years. "The Digital Millennium
Copyright Act of 1998 was supposed to clear up copyright issues
in the Internet era. That hasn't exactly happened. Instead,
there have been a series of lawsuits between the recording and
motion picture industries, private companies and individual
users, seeking clarification on how intellectual property is
protected as music and video moves to the digital world."
Wired
05/16/00
- TRYING
TOO HARD TO GET ALONG: Is Napster going too far in trying
to avoid legal troubles? A backlash against the company is developing
among its fans. "Napster is fighting against censorship,
but they are trying to censor everybody else."
Wired
05/15/00
- LOOKING
OUT FROM THE INSIDE:
Last
week Napster capitulated to heavy-metallers Metallica by yanking
the accounts of its users accused of downloading Metallica music
illegally. But if the outsider music downloader gives up too
much, it'll lose its rebel outsider status - and its fans.
Wired 05/15/00
- CANARY
IN THE COAL MINE:
There's
evidence that the internet music revolution will affect classical
music sooner than it does more mainstream genres. The little
stores specializing in particular genres are having a hard time.
"A master track can be held in a central store; copies
made only as required. Libraries no longer need specialist retailers:
they can e-mail their orders to record companies directly and
get a disc (copied to whatever digital format required) by return.
No more need to search for out-of-print back-catalogue. Everything
can be held as digital information, ready for duplication, at
a record company's own central store."
The
Scotsman 05/15/00
- DIGITAL
RETREAT: In the face of court challenges over copyright,
Napster and MP3.com take a step back. The battle's just beginning
over the future of selling recorded music. Philadelphia
Inquirer (Bloomberg) 05/14/00
- BIG
BROTHER IS LISTENING:
Remember last week when Metallica
presented the names of some 300,000 people it says had illegally
downloaded the band's music? Yesterday Napster terminated the
accounts of all those on the list. Look for the lawsuits to
start flying. Wired
05/11/00
- GOOD
FAITH GESTURE: After losing its copyright case over music
downloading last month, MP3.com says it will remove major-label
music from its site. The company is said to be negotiating with
recording companies over a million-dollar settlement.
Boston Globe 05/11/00
- CD
PRICES will likely begin to fall now that the FTC has banned
minimum-pricing laws. Minimum pricing rules were enacted
several years ago because "mammoth discount chains such
as Wal-Mart, Target, Best Buy and Circuit City were selling
CDs at prices lower than those found at music-specialty retail
chains such as Music-land and Tower Records." Independents
say doing away with the rules will hurt them. Variety
05/11/00
- MUSIC
SANS FRONTIERES:
While the recording industry struggles over the issue of digital
music swapping, a 23-year-old Irish programmer has written a
program called "Freenet" which purportedly makes it
impossible to control music, video, text or any other digital
information. "Clarke and his group of programmers have
deliberately set themselves on a collision course with the world's
copyright laws. They express the hope that the clash over copyright
enforcement in cyberspace will produce a world in which all
information is freely shared.” New
York Times 05/10/00 (one-time
registration required for entry)
- THE
GREAT DIGITAL DEBATE:
Want a front row seat to the debate on downloadable music?
Visit the Pho online discussion, where "record label sorts,
new-media brass, music lawyers, reporters, artists, and interested
onlookers - nearly 700 members - hash out everything from copyright
reform to music-related IPO offerings and the latest antipiracy
chip.” Village
Voice 05/16/00
- NAPSTER
LOSES A ROUND IN COURT: The judge rejects a claim by the
music download company that it is just a "conduit"
for music and isn't responsible for music illegally downloaded
over the internet. ''This hearing was Napster's attempt to escape
responsibility for aiding and abetting wide-scale piracy - and
not surprisingly - they lost.''
Boston
Globe 05/09/00
- BEGINNING
OF THE END? The popular downloader faces the very real prospect
of being strangled to death in court.
Salon 05/09/00
- BITING
THE HAND... Metallica built its success on the underground
tape-trading market. Now it's suing Napster for making the process
efficient?
Salon 05/09/00
- BOTCHED
STRATEGY: Last year there were some 1 billion illegal music
downloads on the net and hardly any legal ones. Recording companies
ought to have found a way to work with the net rather than fight
the inevitable. "The major record companies' response to
piracy wasn't to establish alternative legitimate sites where
fans could pay for their music. Instead, they unleashed their
lawyers."
BBC 05/09/00
- SO
IT'S THE PRINCIPLE OF THE THING:
Metallica's
fans are plenty mad that the band has sued Napster and is going
after those who download music for free over the internet. But
the band is unrepentant: "This is very different.
This is clearly illegal. The most ridiculous thing I've heard
yet about this is that all music should be free. That goes against
everything Western capitalism is based on. Why shouldn't musicians
be paid for their work like everyone else?" San
Francisco Examiner 05/05/00
- MAD
ABOUT MUSIC: Heavy-metal group Metallica demanded yesterday
that Napster cut off 317,000 users who have illegally traded
the band's songs. ''If they want to steal Metallica's music,
instead of hiding behind their computers in their bedrooms and
dorm rooms, then just go down to Tower Records and grab them
off the shelves.'' Boston
Globe (AP) 05/04/00
- HOW
MUCH DO I EARN: Monday MP3.com began posting how much the
artists on its website earn from downloads. Clicking on the
total reveals how many plays the songs received, how many CDs
were sold by artists who've used the service's CD publishing
program, and how much "payback" was earned. Any artist
who gets 15 plays per day qualifies for the Payback program.
The company said it will distribute $1 million to artists based
on user download activity on MP3.com. So why are artists angry
over release of the information?
- GUILT-FREE
TUNES:
The debate over downloadable music rages on, but college students
seem to have few qualms about online music piracy. “By embracing
digital music, the generation that grew up with the Internet
is helping to define the way music and other content will be
distributed online.” New
York Times 05/02/00 (one-time
registration required for entry)
- RECONCILIATION:
Recording companies in settlement
talks with MP3 after judge's ruling against the company. "We
absolutely do not want to see MP3.com shut down," a source
with one of the labels said. "Settlement talks were going
on before the case went into the court and they are continuing.
We would be happy to see this thing settled." Wired
05/01/00
- FREE
TO BE FREE? MP3.com vows to fight
judge's ruling against it Friday over free downloads of music
on the internet. "The success of MP3.com, with an estimated
400,000 customers, has prompted the recording industry to launch
an aggressive anti-piracy crusade." BBC
05/01/00
- HOLES
IN THE DYKE: The
Recording industry is suing purveyors of new technology that
make downloading music illegally possible over the internet.
But isn't such technology inevitable? Can it be stopped? Industry
spokesperson says wrong is wrong. "Does a company have
a right to create a system that is so deliberately designed
to take other people's work?"
Salon 05/01/00
- BIG
WIN? Judge rules big against illegal distribution of music
over the internet with judgment against MP3. Salon
04/30/00
- BEAUTY
CONTEST:
Napster
and piracy issues aside, on-line music companies are trying
to doll themselves up to make themselves attractive to music
fans.
Wired
04/30/00
- HOLLOW
VICTORY: The recording industry wins a suit against MP3.COM
for compiling a database of music that can be downloaded. But
the company says that compared to Napster, it's one of the good
guys.
Wired 04/30/00
- RECORD
BOOTY: China
has seized 200,000 pirated DVD's and CD's in a raid in Guangzhou,
its largest haul yet of stolen music and movies.
Variety 04/28/00
- KILLER
(N)AP: Napster, the music-share program is considered by
the music industry the greatest threat its ever faced. "In
recent weeks, piracy using his Napster software program has
reached such an unprecedented scale that many industry analysts
believe that it marks the beginning of the end of paying for
recorded music. To
virtually every American under the age of 25, Napster is rapidly
becoming synonymous with a bottomless free supply of music from
their favourite bands." The
Age (Melbourne) 04/24/00
- List
of high-profile musicians suing over Napster expected to
increase in next few weeks.
The Register 04/23/00
- A
WAY TO EASE YOUR GUILT FOR STEALING: Metal band Metallica
has been suing universities (for $10 million) for allowing students
to pirate the band's music off the internet with the Napster
program. Now a website has been set up that allows fans to donate
money to Metallica to compensate the band for its monetary losses
from digital piracy. Just in case you were feeling sorry for
the poor lads. Wired
04/20/00
- BIG
GUYS FOLLOW: Finally the major recording labels are getting
into the music download business. But is there any sign they've
learned lessons from the independent labels already on the web
and making money at it? Wired
04/19/00
- GOT
A RIGHT TO STREAM? A lawsuit being heard in New York this
week could determine how consumers can access their personal
music files over the internet. Paul McCartney and two other
plaintiffs claim that "MP3.com
created an illegal database by purchasing CDs and uploading
that music onto MP3.com's servers. Users who signed up for the
service and who called my.mp3.com were then able to stream music
from that database to any device that can access the Internet."
Wired 04/17/00
- JUST
DIFFERENT: New technologies are changing the music business.
Musicians can play along, or they can fight it. But just because
the economics are changing doesn't mean it's a catastrophe.
"Rather than insist that the way the music world does business
today is the only way imaginable, it behooves artists to take
a longer and more imaginative view. It's not as if the status
quo has served them so well." Salon
03/30/00
- IN-STORE
E-MUSIC: Traditional music stores have turned to e-tech
tactics to try to fend off extinction. Wired
02/29/00
- THE
END OF CD's and good times ahead.
Digital downloading of music and film isn't to be feared, says
the president of the recording label BMG. Instead, it will create
a new boom in the entertainment business. Variety
02/04/00
- THE
ART OF NAPPING: A new MP3 music-sharing
software program called Napster enables listeners to download
music files from one another. Is this what the recording companies
fear? Salon 02/04/00
- MP3
SMACKDOWN: Copyright Control Services is in the business
of stamping out the pirating of music on the internet. In a
year, the group says, it has closed down 5,000 internet sites.
Wired
01/31/00
- RECORDING
INDUSTRY estimates it is losing $4.5 billion this year in
lost sales because of counterfeit CDs and music downloaded over
the internet. Wired
01/27/00
- BETWEEN
PRODUCT AND CONTENT: Trying to understand
the future of the recorded music business in the age of Dotcoms.
New
York Times 01/26/00 (One-time
registration required for access)
Digital
Music/Copyright stories for 2001
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