Book reviews and ad revenues
Jay Trachtenberg has an article in the Wall Street Journal this morning about the decline in newspapers' book pages, tied to the LATimes' re-vamp of its 30-year-old book section. Needless to say, everyone in the publishing industry is e-mailing it to everyone else because of Mr. Trachtenberg's charge: Publishers have shifted their ad dollar to buying in-store display space, and this loss of revenue accounts for the dying book reviews. The industry has only itself to blame.
"Even those who say they still support book-section advertising say it's only effective as part of a larger marketing effort. Michael Pietsch, publisher of Lagardere SCA's Little, Brown imprint, says advertising in book reviews can help drive sales if the author is well-known and if it's done in conjunction with online campaigns....
"New York publishing houses have always cried poverity when it comes to advertising. Every book requires a different ad, as in the movie business, but the publishers don't have the studios' deep pockets. And unlike other advertisers, publishers can't do brand-building: No one buys a book because it comes from Random House or Simon & Schuster."
But the weakness in Mr. Trachtenberg's argument is apparent in that paragraph: Ad revenue from books has always been a trickle. Book publicity is a relatively minor factor when it comes to newspaper revenue. And, it's been argued, even to book sales.
I'm perfectly willing to be corrected on this point, but I don't believe any newspaper's book pages (unless they're absolutely miniscule) are supported by the publishing industry -- and that includes the well-known freestanding book sections in New York, LA, Chicago and Philly. It may be that those sections have had such razor-thin budgets all along that a decline even in the small area of book ads has been enough to threaten the sections' very existence.
But I repeat what I said last year to Pat Schroeder, president of the American Association of Publishers, when she protested to The Dallas Morning News about its arts coverage cutbacks:
"In my experience, newspaper arts coverage -- including the book pages -- is supported by movie ads (and to the degree that they're part of the same pages, restaurant ads). Publishers and booksellers will never have the kind of ad budget to support book pages across the country. But there are significant services of big-city newspapers that have never been supported by ad revenue: op-ed pages, letters page, investigative reporting, editorial cartoons and the like. These were once considered the mark of serious newspapers educating and leading their communities, but it's precisely these money-losing areas that are being gutted by papers under the gun to keep up ridiculously high profit margins for Wall Street."
One might suspect the Wall Street Journal of an unwillingness to accuse newspaper owners for their years of over-the-top profits and their gouge-the-customers approach to ad rates as possible factors here. They begin losing that revenue to online sources and in-store displays (among other things) and promptly start gutting their cultural coverage in response. One might.
But Mr. Trachtenberg does quote the Chicago Tribune's managing editor-features Jim Warren on the time-honored value of the book pages to the newspapers' own mission and audience: "A book-review section is a small but important symbol of the support of literacy."
Or, as the Philly Inquirer's Frank Wilson puts it later: "I don't understand why newspapers, when they want to cut space, they immediately think of depriving those people who like to read."
To continue with my argument: "Reader outrage can actually influence a newspaper's decisions, but I suspect that trying to combat that revenue vise by appealing to a newspaper's traditional higher calling is not going to work. As I pointed out, though, the NFL doesn't support even a tiny fraction of the massive outpouring of free sports coverage it gets from papers, TV, radio and the internet. It's other advertisers who covet that football-fascinated audience. If the AAP wanted to do anything, it could try to convince advertisers that the readers of books pages may not be the young illiterates with poor impulse control that marketers currently want but neither are they the old and the dying, as conventional ad wisdom has it. They're a well-off, often media-savvy and intellectually- and socially-involved audience.
"This is not some wildly unconventional, radical re-think: TV networks have come to respond to an older audience (the kids are all off in the clubs or on the computer anyway) and has long positioned 'geezer' ads for its news programming. Why not the arts pages?"
Mr. Wilson does suggest another possible way out of this trap: online syndication -- in effect. If newspapers are supposedly shifting some of their attention and staffing to online resources and if publishers are using web campaigns more, then why can't the Philly Inquirer tap into these two trends and franchise its reviews to other papers, with them adding their own local reviews?
But I don't see how this differs from what happens today with papers like the Morning News augmenting their own dwindling freelance reviews with wire copy. Perhaps Mr. Wilson may elaborate on his brief suggestion in the WSJ.
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